1. The nanoscale ranges
from 0.1nm to 1mm and is characterized at the low end by an atom and the high
end by a grain of sand. Other examples
of objects which can be measured on the nanoscale include the diameter of DNA (1nm),
the diameter of a carbon nanotube (10nm) and a transistor (35nm).
4. The concentration
of surfactant monomers above which spontaneous micelle formation occurs.
C = CMC, (d3F/dCt3)
= 0
F = a[micelle] + b[monomer]:
function of surfactant solution
Ct: total concentration
7. A top-down
approach to manufacturing involves the use microfabrication machinery to
externally control the atomically or molecularly precise synthesis of a desired
material. Bottom-up approaches to
nanoscale synthesis are focused on the assembly of a material, object or device
from individual components. Said
assembly often, but not always, involves the concept of self-assembly, whereby
a molecule, for example, can wrap upon itself based on inherent chemical and
physical properties to form a 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional shape.
10. Cancer, tissue
engineering, clinical neuroscience, surgery, stem cell applications and
diagnostics.
