1. Neurodegeneration/Nanoscaffolds and
Nanomatrices; Blood-Brain Barrier Limitations/Targeted Nanoparticles and
Liposomes; Preventative CNS Care/Nanoparticle-based Oxides and Fullerenes
4. Through
P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a membrane-associated protein expressed in the capillary
endothelial cells. P-gp's role is to act
as an efflux pump to prevent entry of foreign substances into the brain cavity.
7. The
reticuloendothelial system (RES), which is a component of the immune system
including monocytes and macrophages, is capable of clearing conventionally
designed liposomes from the circulation.
10. 1. The internal core to which branches are
attached, 2. The outer shell of the branches surrounding
this internal core and 3. The surface
formed by branch termini which is multi-valent, having several sites of
attachment, in nature. It is during
dendrimer synthesis that various solutes, such as those containing
therapeutics, can be trapped within the interior cavities of the dendrimer.
13. Oxidative
stress is defined as a condition of increased oxidant production in cells
characterized by the release of free radicals and resulting in cellular
degeneration. Oxidative stress plays a
role in the development and progression of AD by promoting the accumulation of
high levels of redox-active metals, particularly iron, contributing to this
manifestation. Researchers are now
creating NP delivery platforms that provide metal chelators, which are agents
that bind metal ions and render them neutral and unavailable, deep within the
brain, eventually allowing for metal removal from the brain via the circulatory
system.
16. Caged
fullerene oxides. They inhibit glutamate
receptor activity, most likely through free radical scavenging, and result in
lower calcium uptake by neurons and thus reduced glutamate-induced
neurotoxicity via diminished intracellular calcium buildup.
