1. Cancer
cells, Fibroblasts, Tumor cells, Embryonic cells, Embryonic stem cells, Adult
stem cells, Adult immortalized cells, Primary cells (direct explants), Hybridomas
4. This
is ~1000-10,000-fold greater than the size of the typical biomolecule such as a
growth factor, for example. Biomolecular
diffusion is the result and thus cells in this system often lack the access to
nutrients and other biomolecules that would be easily accessible in situ (in a natural biological environment).
7. It
is a system that utilizes PLLA nanoscaffolds combined with PLGA nanospheres
seeded with recombinant human growth factor BMP-7 (bone morphogenetic protein
7). PLGA nanospheres coated with rhBMP-7
were seeded onto PLLA nanoscaffolds and the kinetics of growth factor release
measured. It was observed that rhBMP-7
release could be temporally controlled by adjusting the chemical and
degradation properties of the PLGA nanospheres.
Controlled release of rhBMP-7 was shown to promote cell culture and
induce bone formation.
10.
They developed type I collagen nanofibers by electrospinning techniques
and examined mesenchymal stem cell motility, morphology, growth, adhesion and
osteogenic differentiation capabilities.
Cells appeared to have a polygonal and flattened morphology and
exhibited higher viability rates than on standard tissue culture plates. Differentiation was characterized via single
cell RT-PCR of various marker genes to examine expression levels. Higher levels of the genes osteocalcin,
osteonectin and osteopontin were observed at the single cell level on the
nanofibers as compared to controls.
13. It
is the heterogeneous aspect of the systems which often provides and combines
the advantages of using two or more different matrix components.
16.
1. Interweaving of different nanofiber
sizes to promote cellular infiltration; 2.
Laser ablation techniques for the introduction of "grooves"
within nanofiber matrices to allow for avenues of cellularization internal to
the matrix.
19.
One example is a magnetic force applied to magnetic cationic liposomes
(MCLs) to construct a 3D co-culture system.
